Mkhalidwe Wamakono ndi Chitukuko cha Makampani a Inki Otengera Madzi ku China

Chidule cha Inki Yotengera Madzi

Inki yochokera m'madzi, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti inki yamadzi kapena inki yamadzi, ndi mtundu wazinthu zosindikizira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito madzi ngati chosungunulira chachikulu. Mpangidwe wake umaphatikizapo utomoni wosungunuka m'madzi, inki yachilengedwe yopanda poizoni, zowonjezera zosintha magwiridwe antchito, ndi zosungunulira, zonse zomwe zimasiyidwa mosamala ndikusakanikirana. Ubwino waukulu wa inki yochokera m'madzi umakhala wokonda zachilengedwe: amachotsa kugwiritsa ntchito zosungunulira za poizoni wowopsa, kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe chiwopsezo chaumoyo kwa ogwira ntchito panthawi yosindikiza komanso palibe kuipitsidwa kwamlengalenga. Kuonjezera apo, chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake chosayaka, chimachotsa zoopsa zomwe zingatheke ndi moto ndi kuphulika kwa malo osindikizira, kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo chopanga. Zosindikizidwa ndi inki yokhala ndi madzi zilibe zinthu zotsalira zapoizoni, zomwe zimateteza chilengedwe chonse kuchokera kugwero mpaka kutha. Inki yochokera m'madzi ndiyoyenera kwambiri kusindikizira m'mapaketi okhala ndi miyezo yapamwamba yaukhondo, monga fodya, mowa, chakudya, zakumwa, mankhwala, ndi zoseweretsa za ana. Amapereka kukhazikika kwamtundu wapamwamba, kuwala kwambiri, mphamvu zopaka utoto zolimba popanda kuwononga mbale zosindikizira, kumatira kwabwino pambuyo pa kusindikiza, liwiro lowumitsa losinthika kuti likwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana, komanso kukana kwambiri kwamadzi, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kusindikiza kwamitundu inayi komanso kusindikiza kwamitundu. . Chifukwa cha ubwino umenewu, inki yochokera kumadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kunja. Ngakhale kuti chitukuko cha China ndi kugwiritsa ntchito inki yochokera kumadzi chinayamba pambuyo pake, chapita patsogolo kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa msika, mtundu wa inki yochokera m'madzi a m'nyumba ukupitilirabe bwino, kuthana ndi zovuta zaukadaulo monga nthawi yayitali yowuma, kusawala kokwanira, kusagwira bwino kwa madzi, ndi zotsatira zosindikiza za subpar. Pakadali pano, inki yotengera madzi apanyumba ikukulitsa msika wake pang'onopang'ono chifukwa chakuwongolera kwake kwazinthu komanso kupikisana kwake, kukondedwa ndi anthu ambiri komanso kupeza msika wokhazikika.

Gulu la Inki Yotengera Madzi

Inki yochokera m'madzi imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu: inki yosungunuka m'madzi, inki yosungunuka ndi zamchere, ndi inki yotayika. Inki yosungunuka m'madzi imagwiritsa ntchito ma resin osungunuka m'madzi monga chonyamulira, kusungunula inkiyo m'madzi; inki yosungunuka ndi zamchere imagwiritsa ntchito utomoni wosungunuka wa alkaline, womwe umafuna zinthu zamchere kuti zisungunuke inkiyo; inki dispersible amapanga kuyimitsidwa khola ndi kumwaza pigment particles m'madzi.

Mbiri Yachitukuko ya Inki yochokera pamadzi

Kukula kwa inki yochokera m'madzi kumatha kuyambika m'zaka zapakati pazaka za m'ma 2000 pomwe chidziwitso cha chilengedwe komanso nkhawa zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe cha inki zosungunulira zidayambitsa kafukufuku ndikugwiritsa ntchito inki yosungunuka m'madzi. Pofika m'zaka za m'ma 2100, ndi malamulo okhwima a chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi, makampani opanga inki opangidwa ndi madzi adakula mofulumira. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, mitundu yatsopano ya inki zochokera m'madzi monga inki yosungunuka ndi zamchere ndi inki yotayika inayamba kutuluka, pang'onopang'ono m'malo mwa gawo la msika wa inki zosungunulira zachikhalidwe. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi lingaliro lozama la kusindikiza kobiriwira ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, ntchito ya inki yochokera m'madzi yakula mosalekeza, minda yake yogwiritsira ntchito ikukulirakulira, ndipo yakhala gawo lofunikira kwambiri pantchito yosindikiza.

Industrial Chain of Water-based Inki

Mafakitale akumtunda a inki yotengera madzi amaphatikizanso kupanga ndi kupereka zinthu zopangira monga ma resin, ma pigment, ndi zowonjezera. M'mapulogalamu otsika, inki yochokera m'madzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posindikiza mabuku, kusindikiza mabuku, kusindikiza malonda, ndi kusindikiza nsalu. Chifukwa cha chilengedwe chaubwenzi ndi ntchito yabwino yosindikiza, pang'onopang'ono imalowa m'malo mwa inki zosungunulira zachikhalidwe, kukhala chisankho chofunikira pamakampani osindikizira.

Mmene Mulili Msika Wa Inki Wotengera Madzi ku China

Mu 2022, kuchuluka kwamakampani opanga zokutira ku China, omwe akhudzidwa ndi msika wofooka wanyumba komanso zovuta zomwe zimachitika mobwerezabwereza pamisika ya ogula, zidalemba matani 35.72 miliyoni, kutsika ndi 6% pachaka. Komabe, mu 2021, makampani osindikizira adawonetsa kuchira komanso kukula. Chaka chimenecho, makampani osindikizira ndi kutulutsa ku China, kuphatikizapo kusindikiza mabuku, kusindikiza kwapadera, kulongedza ndi kukongoletsa, ndi mabizinesi ena osindikizira, pamodzi ndi zipangizo zosindikizira zokhudzana ndi ntchito zosindikizira ndi ntchito zobala, adapeza ndalama zokwana 1.330138 trillion RMB, kuwonjezeka kwa 10.93% kuyambira chaka chapitacho, ngakhale phindu lonse linagwera ku 54.517 biliyoni RMB, kuchepa kwa 1.77%. Ponseponse, minda yaku China yogwiritsira ntchito inki yotengera madzi yayamba kukhala yokhwima komanso yokwanira. Chuma chaku China chikayamba kuchira pang'onopang'ono ndikulowa m'njira yokhazikika pambuyo pa mliri, zikuyembekezeredwa kuti kufunikira kwa inki yogwiritsa ntchito madzi yabwino kuchulukirachulukira ndikukulirakulira. Mu 2008, China kupanga pachaka inki madzi ofotokoza anali matani 79,700 okha; pofika chaka cha 2013, chiwerengerochi chinali chitaposa matani 200,000; ndipo pofika 2022, kupanga okwana makampani China madzi ofotokoza inki zinawonjezeka mpaka matani 396,900, ndi madzi ofotokoza gravure kusindikiza inki mlandu pafupifupi 7.8%, kutenga gawo lofunika msika. Izi zikuwonetsa kukula ndi chitukuko chamakampani a inki otengera madzi ku China pazaka khumi zapitazi. Mpikisano wamkati mumakampani a inki opangidwa ndi madzi aku China ndi wowopsa, wokhala ndi makampani ambiri, kuphatikiza mabizinesi amphamvu monga Bauhinia Ink, DIC Investment, Hanghua Ink, Guangdong Tianlong Technology, Zhuhai Letong Chemical, Guangdong Ink Group, ndi Guangdong JiaJing Technology Co. , Ltd. Makampaniwa sangokhala ndi luso lapamwamba laukadaulo ndi luso la R&D komanso amakulitsa maukonde awo amsika komanso maubwino amayendedwe kuti atenge magawo apamwamba amsika komanso kukopa kwambiri msika, zomwe zimatsogolera chitukuko chamakampani nthawi zonse. Ena odziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi opanga inki yamadzi opangira madzi nawonso amapikisana pamsika waku China kudzera mu mgwirizano wakuya ndi makampani am'deralo kapena pokhazikitsa maziko opangira ku China. Makamaka, pakati pa makampani otsogola omwe atchulidwa, ena adalemba bwino, monga Letong Co., Hanghua Co., ndi Tianlong Gulu. Mu 2022, Gulu la Guangdong Tianlong lidachita bwino pankhani ya ndalama zogwirira ntchito, kupitilira makampani omwe adalembedwa Letong Co. ndi Hanghua Co.

Ndondomeko pamakampani a inki otengera madzi

Kukula kwa makampani a inki opangidwa ndi madzi ku China kumatsogozedwa kwambiri ndikuthandizidwa ndi mfundo ndi malamulo adziko. M'zaka zaposachedwa, pamene dziko likugogomezera kwambiri chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi njira zachitukuko chokhazikika komanso kulimbikitsa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka anthu. makampani. Pankhani ya ndondomeko zachilengedwe, malamulo ndi malamulo monga "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution" ndi "Key Industry VOCs Reduction Action Plan" amakhazikitsa zofunikira zoyendetsera mpweya wa VOCs mu kusindikiza ndi kulongedza. makampani. Izi zimakakamiza makampani oyenerera kuti asinthe kuzinthu za inki zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chilengedwe zomwe zimakhala ndi mpweya wochepa kapena wopanda ma VOC, monga inki yochokera kumadzi, potero amapanga msika wofuna zambiri pamsika.

Zovuta pamakampani a inki otengera madzi

Ngakhale makampani a inki okhala ndi madzi ali ndi ubwino waukulu pakulimbikitsa chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi chitukuko chokhazikika, akukumananso ndi zovuta zingapo. Mwaukadaulo, ngakhale inki yochokera kumadzi imakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri a chilengedwe, mawonekedwe ake achilengedwe, monga kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono kuyanika, kusasinthika kwa magawo osindikizira, komanso kutsika kwa gloss ndi madzi kukana poyerekeza ndi inki zosungunulira, zikufunikabe kusintha. Izi zimalepheretsa ntchito yake m'magawo ena apamwamba osindikizira. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawi yopanga, zinthu ngati kukhazikika kwa inki zimatha kubuka, monga kusanjika ndi kuyika kwa inki, zomwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa kudzera mukusintha kwa fomula, kukhathamiritsa kwa njira, komanso kuwongolera kachitidwe kakusungirako. Pamsika, inki yochokera kumadzi imakhala ndi ndalama zambiri, makamaka ndalama zoyambira zida zogulitsira zida komanso zosinthira ukadaulo, zomwe zimapangitsa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati kukhala osamala potengera inki yotengera madzi chifukwa cha zovuta zachuma. Komanso, kuzindikira ndi kuvomereza kwa inki yochokera kumadzi ndi ogula ndi mabizinesi kuyenera kukonzedwa. Pogwirizanitsa ubwino wachuma ndi ubwino wa chilengedwe, zinthu zamtengo wapatali zikhoza kukhala patsogolo kusiyana ndi momwe chilengedwe chikuyendera.

Chiyembekezo cha Makampani a Inki Otengera Madzi

Makampani a inki opangidwa ndi madzi ali ndi tsogolo labwino, ndi chitukuko chabwino. Pamene kuzindikira kwa chilengedwe padziko lonse kukukulirakulirabe ndipo maboma akukhazikitsa malamulo okhwima oteteza chilengedwe, makamaka kuchepetsa mpweya wa VOCs, kufunikira kwa msika wa inki yochokera kumadzi ngati njira yothandiza zachilengedwe ndi inki zosungunulira zachikhalidwe kukukulirakulira. M'madera monga kusindikizira, kusindikiza zilembo, ndi kusindikiza mabuku, inki yochokera m'madzi imayamikiridwa chifukwa cha zinthu zake zopanda poizoni, zopanda fungo, zowonongeka zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zachitetezo cha chakudya. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo ndizomwe zimayendetsa chitukuko cha inki yochokera kumadzi, pomwe mabungwe ofufuza ndi mabizinesi akuwonjezera ndalama zawo muukadaulo wa inki wamadzi R&D, ndicholinga chothana ndi vuto lomwe lilipo pakukana kwanyengo, kuthamanga kwa kuyanika, ndi kumamatira kuti akwaniritse -kumaliza zofuna za msika wosindikiza. M'tsogolomu, pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zatsopano ndi matekinoloje atsopano, ntchito za inki zochokera m'madzi zidzapita patsogolo, zomwe zidzalowe m'malo mwa inki zachikhalidwe m'madera ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, pakusintha kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi, makampani ochulukirapo akuyang'ana kwambiri udindo wa anthu komanso chitukuko chokhazikika, ndikusankha zinthu zoteteza chilengedwe popanga. Makampani opanga inki opangidwa ndi madzi amakumana ndi mwayi wachitukuko womwe sunachitikepo, makamaka m'magawo monga kulongedza zakudya, zoseweretsa za ana, ndikuyika zinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku zamankhwala, komwe kufunikira kwa msika kukukulirakulira. Mwachidule, kukula kwa msika wamakampani opanga inki opangidwa ndi madzi akuyembekezeka kupitiliza kukula, motsogozedwa ndi mfundo komanso luso laukadaulo, kukwaniritsa kukhathamiritsa kwamakampani ndi kukweza, ndikupita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono kupita kumtundu wapamwamba komanso kuteteza chilengedwe chobiriwira. Kuphatikizana kwakukulu kwa misika yapakhomo ndi yapadziko lonse lapansi, komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu ogula zinthu zosindikizidwa zobiriwira, kudzabweretsanso msika waukulu komanso kuthekera kwachitukuko chamakampani a inki otengera madzi.