Ho Lekola Nts'etsopele ea Li-inks tse Thehiloeng ka Metsi le Boithuto ba Li-inks tsa Polyurethane tse Sebeletsang Metsing

Tšilafalo ea moea esale e le ntho e tšoenyang haholo, 'me likhase tse chefo joalo ka li-VOC e le litlatsetso tse kholo hammoho le liketsahalo tsa tlhaho joalo ka lifefo tsa lerole. Ha tlhokomeliso ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho e ntse e hola le maano a fapaneng a naha a kengoang ts'ebetsong, indasteri ea khatiso, e leng setsi se seholo sa VOC, se tobane le phetoho e ke keng ea qojoa. Ka lebaka leo, li-inks tsa khatiso tse sebetsang hantle ka tikolohong li fetohile setsi sa mantlha sa lipatlisiso tsa indasteri ea khatiso lefatšeng ka bophara. Har'a li-inks tse fumanehang eco-friendly, ho kopanyelletsa le li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing, li-ink tse phekolehang ka matla, le li-inks tse entsoeng ka oli ea meroho, li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing ke tsona tse sebelisoang haholo. Li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing li na le karolo e tlase ea lihlapolli tsa tlhaho, tse fokotsang mesi ea VOC le ho ikamahanya le melao-motheo ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho. Leha ho le joalo, li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing li boetse li na le litšitiso tse kang ho omisa butle le linako tsa ho folisa le ho se sebetse hantle ha metsi le alkali, ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea tsona ho liindasteri tsa setso. Kahoo, ho ntlafatsa mefokolo ena ka ho fetola resin e se e le taba ea bohlokoa. Pampiri ena e hlalosa nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing, thuto ea liphetoho tsa resin, tsoelo-pele ea lipatlisiso mabapi le li-inks tsa khatiso tse sebelisang li-polyurethanes tse thehiloeng metsing, le litebello tsa nako e tlang tšimong ena.

• Teko

1. Ntlafatso ea Li-Inks tse Thehiloeng ka Metsi

Li-inks li na le histori e telele, tse hlahang hammoho le ho qaptjoa ha khatiso. Kamora ho hlahisoa ha Lithol Red Pigment ka 1900, enke e ile ea ata, ea susumetsa linaha ho tsetela lipatlisisong tsa enke. Li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing li hlahisoa ke litlhoko tse phahameng tsa tšebeliso ea enke. Lipatlisiso ka li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing li qalile linaheng tse ling lilemong tsa bo-1960, haholo-holo ho potlakisa litefiso tsa khatiso le ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ka thepa e tala e thehiloeng ho petroleum. Li-inks tsena li ne li sebelisa metsoako ea tlhaho e kang benzene le shellac kapa sodium lignosulfonate e le lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong ho finyella litlhoko tsa khatiso ka nako eo. Lilemong tsa bo-1970, bafuputsi ba ile ba hlahisa resin ea polymer emulsion e nang le khetla ea mantlha le sebopeho sa marang-rang ka ho etsa polymerizing acrylic monomers ka styrene, ho boloka khanya ea enke le ho hanyetsa metsi ha e ntse e finyella litlhoko tsa tikoloho. Leha ho le joalo, ha tlhokomeliso ea tikoloho e ntse e eketseha le melao e thata ea tikoloho e ntse e etsoa, ​​karolo ea lintho tse entsoeng ka benzene ka li-inks e ile ea fokotseha. Ka bo-1980, linaha tsa Europe Bophirimela li ile tsa hlahisa likhopolo le theknoloji ea "khatiso ea enke e tala" le "khatiso e ncha ea enke e thehiloeng metsing."

Indasteri ea enke ea Chaena e qalile ho elella bofelong ba Qing Dynasty ka tlhahiso ea chelete, e itšetlehile haholo ka li-inks tse tsoang linaheng tse ling ho fihlela ka 1975, ha Tianjin Ink Factory le Gangu Ink Factory li hlahisa le ho hlahisa enke ea pele ea metsi e thehiloeng metsing. Lilemong tsa bo-1990, Chaena e ne e rekisitse melapo ea tlhahiso ea khatiso ea flexo e fetang 100, ka potlako e ntšetsa pele tšebeliso ea li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing. Ka 2003, China Industrial Technology Research Institute e atlehile ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tse amanang le tsona, 'me mathoasong a 2004, Shanghai Meide Company e ile ea hlahisa enke ea metsi, e nang le mocheso o tlase oa thermosetting e kopanang le maemo a Majapane le a Jeremane. Le hoja lipatlisiso tsa Chaena mabapi le li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing li bone tsoelo-pele e potlakileng mathoasong a lekholo la bo21 la lilemo, linaha tsa Bophirimela li ne li se li fihletse tsoelo-pele e kholo: hoo e ka bang 95% ea lihlahisoa tsa flexo le 80% ea lihlahisoa tsa gravure United States li ne li sebelisa li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing, ha UK. 'me Japane e ile ea amohela li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing bakeng sa lijo le liphutheloana tsa meriana. Ha ho bapisoa, tsoelo-pele ea Chaena e ne e le butle.

E le ho ntšetsa pele 'maraka, Chaena e ile ea hlahisa maemo a pele a metsi a thehiloeng metsing ka May 2007 'me ka 2011 e buella "ntlafatso ea boqapi bo botala," e ikemiselitse ho nkela li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing ka li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing. Ka 2016 "Leano la Lilemo Tse Hlano" la 2016 bakeng sa indasteri ea khatiso, "lipatlisiso mabapi le lisebelisoa tsa tikoloho tse thehiloeng metsing" le "khatiso e tala" e ne e le lintlha tsa bohlokoa. Ka 2020, khothaletso ea naha ea khatiso e tala le ea dijithale e ile ea atolosa 'maraka oa enke o thehiloeng metsing.

2. Tšebeliso ea Li-inks tse Thehiloeng ka Metsi

Mathoasong a lekholo la bo20 la lilemo, United States e ile ea qala ho sebelisa li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing khatisong ea flexo. Ka bo-1970, li-inks tsa boleng bo holimo tse thehiloeng metsing li ne li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa lipampiri tse fapaneng tsa ho paka, lishelefo tse teteaneng tsa libuka le khateboto. Lilemong tsa bo-1980, li-inks tse benyang le tse matte tse hatisang ka metsi li ile tsa ntlafatsoa linaheng tse ling, tsa atolosa tšebeliso ea tsona ho masela, pampiri, PVC, polystyrene, foil ea aluminium le tšepe. Hajoale, ka lebaka la litšobotsi tsa tsona tse se nang chefo, tse se nang chefo le tse sireletsehileng, li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing li sebelisoa haholo khatisong ea liphutheloana tsa lijo, joalo ka liphutheloana tsa koae le libotlolo tsa lino. Ha melao ea tikoloho e ntlafala, tšebeliso ea li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing e ntse e tsoela pele ho fapana le ho matlafala. China le eona e tsoela pele ho khothalletsa tšebeliso ea tsona indastering ea khatiso.

• Liphetho le puisano

1. Lipatlisiso mabapi le Liphetoho tsa Resin

Ts'ebetso ea enke e susumetsoa ke ho se tšoane ha resin. Ka kakaretso, li-resin tsa enke tse thehiloeng metsing hangata ke polyurethane, emulsion e fetotsoeng ea acrylic, kapa li-polyacrylic resin. Li-resin tsa polyurethane (WPU) tse thehiloeng metsing, tse nang le botlolo bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa, li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa khatiso ea liphutheloana. Ka hona, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea WPU ho ntlafatsa botsoalle ba tikoloho le khanya ea enke e thehiloeng metsing e se e tsepamisitsoe maikutlo indastering ea khatiso.

2. Ho fetola li-polyurethanes tse thehiloeng metsing

Li-polyurethanes tse thehiloeng metsing, tse entsoeng ka polyols tse boima bo tlaase ba limolek'hule, li ka aroloa ka mefuta ea polyester, polyether le lebasetere. Ho ipapisitsoe le thepa e fapaneng ea polyester le polyether polymers, matla le botsitso ba tsona lia fapana. Ka kakaretso, polyether polyurethanes e na le matla a tlase le botsitso ho feta polyester polyurethanes empa e bonts'a khanyetso e ntle ea mocheso o phahameng 'me ha e ratehe ho hydrolysis. Mohlala, ho eketsa "consistency" ea enke ka ho sebelisa polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether ho ntlafatsa litšobotsi tsa eona tsa mamello. Leha ho le joalo, ena ke ntlha ea litšupiso feela. Litsi tse fapaneng tsa lipatlisiso li sebelisa mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho ntlafatsa likarolo tse itseng tsa WPU.

Mohlala, ka 2010, ho ile ha khethoa lirese tsa epoxy tse nang le boima bo phahameng le matla a matla ho sebetsana le litaba tsa enke tsa viscosity le ho khomarela, ka hona ho matlafatsa matla a enke. Ka 2006, phuputso e hatisitsoeng ke Univesithi ea Beijing Chemical e ile ea sebelisa ethylene glycol-based polyurethane ho etsa resin e khethehileng e nang le karolo e telele e bonolo, e ntlafatsang ho fetoha ha maemo le ho matlafatsa ka tsela e sa tobang enke e thehiloeng metsing. Lihlopha tse ling li fihlela liphetho tsa phetoho ka ho eketsa lintho tsa lik'hemik'hale: ho kenyelletsa silica kapa organosilicon ho ntlafatsa WPU, ho fella ka matla a matla a matla a enke. Carboxyl-terinated butadiene nitrile polyurethane e sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho kobeha ha enke le viscosity, ho ikamahanya le maemo a thata haholoanyane.

Ka hona, bafuputsi ka tloaelo ba khetha li-polyester tse ikhethileng tse ipapisitseng le thepa ea enke, ba sebelisa li-polyacids le li-polyols tse loketseng ho kopanya li-polyester tse thibelang mocheso, ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa polar tse nang le likhomaretsi tse matla, ho khetha lisebelisoa tse loketseng ho ntlafatsa crystallinity ea polyurethane, le ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse kopanyang ho ntlafatsa sekhomaretsi sa WPU. ho hanyetsa mongobo le mocheso.

3. Phetoho ea ho hanyetsa Metsi

Kaha enke e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho paka ka ntle 'me hangata e kopana le metsi, ho se khonehe ha metsi ho ka lebisa ho fokotseng ho thatafala, ho phatsima, esita le ho phunya kapa ho senya enke, ho ama haholo ts'ebetso ea polokelo. Ho ntlafala ha metsi a WPU ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea polokelo ea enke ka ho sebelisa li-polyols tse nang le khanyetso e ntle ea metsi joalo ka lisebelisoa. Mohlala, ho fetola WPU ka li-monomer tsa acrylic kapa ho lokisa litaba tsa epoxy resin ho ka ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa metsi a enke.

Ntle le ho sebelisa li-polymers tse thibelang metsi haholo ho nka sebaka sa polyurethane e tloaelehileng, bafuputsi ba atisa ho eketsa lintho tse phelang kapa tse sa tloaelehang ho finyella phello e lakatsehang. Ka mohlala, ho kenyelletsa silika ea nanoscale ka har'a resin ho matlafatsa ho thibela metsi le matla, mokhoa o sebelisoang haholo tlhahiso ea enke. "Mokhoa oa emulsion copolymerization" o theha PUA e kopantsoeng ho ntlafatsa ho thibela metsi, ha mekhoa e kang polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether e fetoha le acetone synthesis ea organosilicon-modified WPU e matlafatsa ho hanyetsa metsi.

4. Phetoho e Phahameng ea Boemo ba Mocheso

Ka kakaretso, khanyetso ea mocheso o phahameng oa WPU e batla e fokola, e fokotsa ho hanyetsa mocheso oa enke ea metsi. Polyether polyurethanes hangata e na le khanyetso e ntle ea mocheso o phahameng ho feta polyester polyurethanes ka lebaka la palo ea libonto tse habeli. Ho kenya li-polymers tsa ketane e telele kapa benzene ring esters/thers joalo ka polymerization monomers ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng oa polymer, ka lebaka leo, ho hanyetsa mocheso oa enke e thehiloeng metsing. Ntle le ho sebelisa polyether polyurethanes ea ketane e telele, lihlopha tse ling li sebelisa lisebelisoa tse kopantsoeng ho eketsa ho rarahana le ho matlafatsa ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng. Mohlala, ho kenyelletsa antimony ea nano tin oxide ho WPU e entsoeng ho tsoa DMPA, polyether 220, le IPDI e nolofalletsa likarolo tsa enke ho monya mocheso, ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng. Ho eketsa silica airgel ho polyurethane ho boetse ho fokotsa mocheso oa mocheso le ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa mocheso oa enke.

5. Phetoho ea botsitso

Botsitso ba WPU bo ama haholo ts'ebetso ea polokelo ea enke e thehiloeng metsing. Ntle le ho hanyetsa metsi le mocheso o phahameng, boima ba limolek'hule le tlhophiso ea sebopeho ke tsa bohlokoa. Li-resin tsa polyester hangata li tsitsitse ho feta li-polyether resin ka lebaka la litlamo tse ngata tsa haedrojene mohahong oa limolek'hule. Ho kenyelletsa lintho tsa ester ho etsa polyurethanes e tsoakiloeng ho eketsa botsitso, joalo ka ho sebelisa isocyanate le silane dispersion ho theha WPU ea likarolo tse peli e nang le botsitso bo ntlafetseng le ho hanyetsa abrasion. Phekolo ea mocheso le ho pholisa le tsona li ka theha litlamo tse ngata tsa hydrogen, ho tiisa tlhophiso ea limolek'hule le ho matlafatsa botsitso ba WPU le ts'ebetso ea polokelo ea enke e thehiloeng metsing.

6. Ntlafatso ea ho khomarela

Le ha ho ntlafatsa WPU ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa metsi, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, le botsitso, li-WPU li ntse li bontša ho khomarela ho fokolang lihlahisoa tsa polasetiki tsa polyethylene (PE) ka lebaka la boima ba limolek'hule le polarity. Ka tloaelo, polarity e tšoanang le li-polymers tsa boima ba limolek'hule kapa li-monomers li eketsoa ho ntlafatsa WPU le ho ntlafatsa ho khomarela enke e thehiloeng metsing ho thepa e seng ea polar. Mohlala, co-polymerizing WPU e nang le polyvinyl chloride-hydroxyethyl acrylate resin e ntlafatsa sekhomaretsi se sa keneleng metsi lipakeng tsa li-inks le liphahlo. Ho kenyelletsa resin ea acrylic polyester ho WPU ho theha sebopeho se ikhethileng sa limolek'hule, se matlafatsang ho khomarela WPU haholo. Leha ho le joalo, mekhoa ena e ka ama thepa ea enke ea mantlha joalo ka gloss. Ka hona, mekhoa ea indasteri e tšoara lisebelisoa ntle le ho fetola thepa ho ntlafatsa ho khomarela enke, joalo ka ho kenya libaka tse nang le li-electrode kapa kalafo ea nako e khuts'oane ea lelakabe ho eketsa adsorption.

• Qetello

Hajoale, li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing li sebelisoa haholo ho paka lijo, ho paka meriana, lithupelo, libuka le litlolo tse ling kapa lits'ebetsong tsa khatiso. Leha ho le joalo, mefokolo ea bona ea tlhaho ea ts'ebetso e thibela ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng. Ha tlhokomeliso ea tikoloho le polokeho e ntse e hola ka maemo a ntlafetseng a bophelo, li-inks tse thehiloeng metsing tse fokotsang mesi ea VOC li ntse li nka sebaka sa li-inks tse thehiloeng ho solvent, tse phephetsang limmaraka tsa setso tse thehiloeng ho solvent.

Tabeng ena, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea enke ka ho fetola li-resin tse thehiloeng metsing, haholo-holo li-polyurethanes tse thehiloeng metsing, ka mekhoa e mecha e kang nanotechnology le hybridization ea metsoako ea tlhaho le ea tlhaho e bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea nakong e tlang ea metsi. Ka hona, lipatlisiso tse felletseng mabapi le liphetoho tsa resin lia hlokahala ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea enke e thehiloeng metsing bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse pharalletseng.