Isimo Samanje Nendlela Yokuthuthukiswa Kwemboni Yeziyinki Esekelwe Emanzini yaseChina

Uhlolojikelele lwe-Ink Esekelwe Emanzini

Uyinki osuselwe emanzini, owaziwa nangokuthi uyinki wamanzi noma uyinki enamanzi, uwuhlobo lwento yokuphrinta esebenzisa amanzi njengesixazululi esikhulu. Ifomula yayo ihlanganisa ama-resin ancibilikayo emanzini, i-pigment ye-organic non-toxic, izithasiselo eziguqula ukusebenza, nezincibilikisi, konke kugaywe ngokucophelela futhi kuhlanganiswe. Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-inki esekelwe emanzini isebunganeni bayo bezemvelo: iqeda ukusetshenziswa kwezinyibilikisi ezinobuthi ezinobuthi ezishintshayo, iqinisekisa ukuthi akukho usongo lwezempilo kubaqhubi ngesikhathi senqubo yokunyathelisa futhi akukho ukungcoliswa komoya. Ukwengeza, ngenxa yemvelo yayo engashi, iqeda izingozi zomlilo neziqhumane ezingaba khona ezindaweni zokusebenza zokunyathelisa, kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha kokukhiqiza. Imikhiqizo ephrintwe ngoyinki osuselwe emanzini ayinazo izinsalela zezinto ezinobuthi, ezithola ukuvikeleka okugcwele kwemvelo okuluhlaza kusuka emthonjeni kuya emkhiqizweni osuphelile. Uyinki osuselwe emanzini ulungele ukupakisha ukuphrinta okunezindinganiso eziphakeme zokuhlanzeka, njengogwayi, utshwala, ukudla, iziphuzo, imithi, namathoyizi ezingane. Inikeza ukuqina kombala okuphezulu, ukukhanya okuhle kakhulu, amandla ombala aqinile ngaphandle kokulimaza amapuleti okuphrinta, ukunamathela okuhle kwangemuva kokuphrinta, isivinini sokumisa esilungisekayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene, kanye nokumelana kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu, okuyenza ifaneleke kokubili ukuphrinta ngemibala emine nokuphrinta umbala wamabala. . Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo, inki esekelwe emanzini isetshenziswa kabanzi emazweni angaphandle. Nakuba ukuthuthukiswa kweShayina nokusebenzisa uyinki osekelwe emanzini kwaqala kamuva, sekuthuthuke ngokushesha. Ngokukhula kwesidingo semakethe, ikhwalithi kayinki wasekhaya osekelwe emanzini iyaqhubeka nokuba ngcono, inqoba izinselele zobuchwepheshe zangaphambi kwesikhathi njengezikhathi zokomisa isikhathi eside, isicwebezelisi esinganele, ukumelana namanzi okungekuhle, kanye nemiphumela yokuphrinta engaphansi. Njengamanje, u-inki wasekhaya osekelwe emanzini ukhulisa kancane kancane isabelo sawo semakethe ngenxa yokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuncintisana, ukuthola umusa wabasebenzisi abaningi kanye nokuthola isikhundla esizinzile semakethe.

Ukuhlelwa Koyinki Osekelwe Emanzini

Uyinki osuselwe emanzini ungahlukaniswa kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezintathu: uyinki ongancibilika emanzini, uyinki oncibilika nge-alkali, noyinki ohlakazekayo. Uyinki oncibilika emanzini usebenzisa ama-resin ancibilikayo emanzini njengesithwali, ancibilikise uyinki emanzini; uyinki oncibilikayo nge-alkaline usebenzisa izinhlaka ezincibilika nge-alkali, ezidinga izinto ezine-alkali ukuze zincibilikise uyinki; uyinki ohlakazekayo wenza ukumiswa okuzinzile ngokuhlakaza izinhlayiya ze-pigment emanzini.

Umlando Wokuthuthukiswa Koyinki Osekelwe Emanzini

Ukuthuthukiswa kukayinki osuselwe emanzini kungalandelelwa emuva maphakathi nekhulunyaka lama-20 lapho ukuqwashisa ngezemvelo nokukhathazeka okukhulayo mayelana nomthelela wemvelo woyinki oncibilikayo kuholele ocwaningweni nasekusetshenzisweni kukayinki oncibilika emanzini. Ingena ekhulwini lama-21, ngemithetho yezemvelo eqinile emhlabeni wonke, imboni ye-inki esekwe emanzini yathuthuka ngokushesha. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-2000, izinhlobo ezintsha zoyinki osuselwe emanzini njengoyinki oncibilika nge-alkaline noyinki ohlakazekayo zaqala ukuvela, kancane kancane zashintsha ingxenye yemakethe yoyinki bendabuko abasuselwe ku-solvent. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngomqondo ojulile wokuphrinta okuluhlaza kanye nenqubekela phambili yezobuchwepheshe, ukusebenza kukayinki osekelwe emanzini kuye kwathuthuka ngokuqhubekayo, izinkundla zokusetshenziswa kwawo zanda, futhi isiphenduke inkomba ebalulekile yentuthuko embonini yokunyathelisa.

I-Industrial Chain of Water-based Ink

Izimboni ezikhuphuka nomfula zikayinki osekelwe emanzini ikakhulukazi zifaka phakathi ukukhiqizwa nokuhlinzekwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe njengama-resin, ama-pigments, nezithasiselo. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezansi nomfula, u-inki osuselwe emanzini usetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphrinteni amaphakheji, ukuphrinta izincwadi, ukuphrinta izikhangisi zezentengiselwano, nokuphrinta kwendwangu. Ngenxa yobungane bemvelo nokusebenza kahle kokuphrinta, kancane kancane ithatha indawo yoyinki bendabuko abasekelwe ku-solvent, ibe ukukhetha okubalulekile embonini yokunyathelisa.

Isimo Samanje Semakethe Ye-Ink Esekelwe Emanzini yaseChina

Ngo-2022, ukukhiqizwa okuphelele kwemboni yokuhlanganisa yaseChina, ethintwe imakethe yezindlu ebuthakathaka kanye nemithelela yobhubhane ephindaphindayo ekudingeni kwemakethe yabathengi, yaqopha isamba esiphelele samathani ayizigidi ezingama-35.72, yehle ngo-6% unyaka nonyaka. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2021, imboni yokunyathelisa yabonisa ukusimama okuphelele nokukhula. Ngalowo nyaka, imboni yokunyathelisa nokukhiqiza yaseShayina—okuhlanganisa ukunyathelisa, ukunyathelisa okukhethekile, ukupakisha nokuphrinta imihlobiso, namanye amabhizinisi okuphrinta, kanye nezinsiza ezihlobene zokunyathelisa nokunyathelisa—izuze isamba semali engenayo yokusebenza engu-1.330138 trillion RMB, okuwukwanda okungu-10.93%. kusukela onyakeni odlule, nakuba inzuzo isiyonke yehlele ku-54.517 billion RMB, ukwehla ngo-1.77%. Sekukonke, izinkambu zaseShayina zokufaka isicelo esisezansi nomfula zikayinki osekelwe emanzini sezithuthukisiwe zavuthwa futhi zabanzi. Njengoba umnotho waseShayina usimama kancane kancane futhi ungena endleleni yokukhula ezinzile ngemva kobhubhane, kulindeleke ukuthi isidingo sikayinki osekelwe emanzini ongavumelani nemvelo sikhuphuke futhi sikhule. Ngo-2008, ukukhiqizwa konyaka kwe-inki yaseShayina yaminyaka yonke bekungamathani angama-79,700 kuphela; ngo-2013, lesi sibalo sase sidlule kakhulu amathani ayi-200,000; futhi ngonyaka wezi-2022, inani lokukhiqizwa kwemboni ye-inki yaseShayina esekwe emanzini liphinde lakhuphuka lafinyelela kumathani angama-396,900, kanti uyinki wokuphrinta wegravu osuselwa emanzini ubalelwa ku-7.8%, ethatha ingxenye yemakethe ebalulekile. Lokhu kukhombisa ukukhula nokuthuthuka ngokushesha kwemboni ye-inki yaseShayina esekwe emanzini kule minyaka eyishumi edlule. Ukuncintisana kwangaphakathi embonini ye-inki esekelwe emanzini yaseChina kushubile, kunezinkampani eziningi, okuhlanganisa amabhizinisi anamandla anjenge-Bauhinia Ink, i-DIC Investment, i-Hanghua Ink, i-Guangdong Tianlong Technology, i-Zhuhai Letong Chemical, i-Guangdong Ink Group, ne-Guangdong JiaJing Technology Co. , Ltd. Lezi zinkampani azigcini nje ngokuba nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile kanye nekhono le-R&D kodwa futhi zisebenzisa amanethiwekhi azo amaningi ezimakethe kanye nezinzuzo zamashaneli ukuze zibe namasheya aphezulu ezimakethe futhi zibe nomthelela omkhulu emakethe, ezihlale zihola phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni. Abanye abakhiqizi be-inki bamanzi abaziwayo emhlabeni jikelele baphinde baqhudelane ngentshiseko emakethe yaseShayina ngokusebenzisana okujulile nezinkampani zasekhaya noma ngokumisa izisekelo zokukhiqiza e-China. Ngokuphawulekayo, phakathi kwezinkampani ezihamba phambili ezishiwo, ezinye zifakwe ohlwini ngempumelelo, njenge-Letong Co., Hanghua Co., ne-Tianlong Group. Ngo-2022, i-Guangdong Tianlong Group yenza kahle ngokwemali engenayo yokusebenza, idlula kakhulu izinkampani ezisohlwini i-Letong Co. kanye ne-Hanghua Co.

Izinqubomgomo Embonini Ye-Ink Esekelwe Emanzini

Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-inki yaseShayina esekelwe emanzini kuqondiswa kakhulu futhi kusekelwa izinqubomgomo nemithetho kazwelonke. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, njengoba izwe ligcizelela kakhulu ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye namasu entuthuko esimeme futhi liqinisa ukuphathwa kwe-VOCs (volatile organic compounds) emissions, uhulumeni wethule uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zenqubomgomo okuhloswe ngazo ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa koyinki osekelwe emanzini. imboni. Ngokwezinqubomgomo zezemvelo, imithetho kanye nemithethonqubo efana "noMthetho WeRiphabhulikhi Yabantu YaseShayina Wokuvimbela Nokulawulwa Kokungcoliswa Komoya" kanye "Nesu Lokusebenza Lokunciphisa Ama-VOC Embonini Eyinhloko" kusetha izimfuneko eziqinile zokukhipha i-VOCs ekuphrinteni nasekupakisheni. imboni. Lokhu kuphoqa izinkampani ezifanele ukuthi zishintshele emikhiqizweni kayinki evumelana nemvelo ekhipha i-VOCs ephansi noma engekho, efana noyinki osekelwe emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe indawo ebanzi yemakethe yemakethe yemboni.

Izinselelo Embonini Yezinki Ezisekelwe Emanzini

Nakuba imboni ye-inki esekelwe emanzini inezinzuzo ezibalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nokuthuthukiswa okusimeme, iphinde ibhekane nezinselele ezimbalwa. Ngokobuchwepheshe, nakuba uyinki osuselwe emanzini unokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwemvelo, izici zayo zamakhemikhali ezingokwemvelo, ezifana nesivinini sokoma esinensayo, ukungakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kahle nezimo zokuphrinta, kanye nokucwebezela okuphansi nokumelana namanzi uma kuqhathaniswa noyinki asekelwe ku-solvent, zisadinga ukuthuthukiswa. Lokhu kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwezinye izinkambu zokuphrinta eziphezulu. Ukwengeza, ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, izinkinga ezinjengokulawula ukuzinza zingaphakama, njengokubeka izingqimba kanye nokucwiliswa phansi kukayinki, okudingeka kubhekwane nawo ngokuthuthukiswa kwefomula, ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo, kanye nokuphathwa okuthuthukisiwe nokuphatha isitoreji. Emakethe, u-inki osuselwe emanzini unezindleko eziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa, ikakhulukazi izindleko zokuqala zokutshalwa kwempahla kanye nezindleko zokuguqulwa kobuchwepheshe, okubangela amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi ukuthi aqaphele ngokuthatha uyinki osekelwe emanzini ngenxa yengcindezi yezezimali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqashelwa nokwamukelwa kukayinki osekelwe emanzini ngabathengi namabhizinisi kudinga ukuthuthukiswa. Lapho kulinganisa izinzuzo zezomnotho nezinzuzo zemvelo, izici zezindleko zingase zibekwe eqhulwini phezu komthelela wendawo.

Amathemba Emboni Yeziyinki Ezisekelwe Emanzini

Imboni ye-inki esekelwe emanzini inekusasa elithembisayo, elinomkhuba omuhle wokuthuthuka. Njengoba ukuqwashisa ngemvelo emhlabeni wonke kuqhubeka nokwanda futhi nohulumeni bebeka imithetho eqinile yokuvikela imvelo, ikakhulukazi ukukhawulela ukukhishwa kwe-VOCs, isidingo semakethe sikayinki osekelwe emanzini njengendlela ehlukile eco-friendly kuma-inki wendabuko asekelwe ku-solvent sikhula kakhulu. Emikhakheni efana nokupakishwa kokupakisha, ukuphrinta ilebula, nokuphrinta ukushicilelwa, uyinki osuselwe emanzini uthandwa kakhulu ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo ezingenabuthi, ezingenaphunga, nezingangcoli kakhulu ezihlangabezana nezidingo zokuphepha kokudla. Inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe iwumgqugquzeli oyinhloko wokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-inki esekelwe emanzini, njengoba izikhungo zocwaningo kanye nezinkampani ziqhubeka nokukhulisa utshalomali lwazo kubuchwepheshe bukayinki obusekelwe emanzini i-R&D, okuhloswe ngayo ukubhekana nokushoda kwemikhiqizo ekhona ekumelana nesimo sezulu, isivinini sokomisa, kanye nokunamathela ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinga eliphezulu. -qeda izimfuno zemakethe yokuphrinta. Ngokuzayo, ngokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha kanye nobuchwepheshe, ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo kayinki esekelwe emanzini kuzothuthuka, okungenzeka kuthathe indawo yemikhiqizo ye-inki yendabuko emikhakheni eminingi. Ukwengeza, esimweni soguquko lwezomnotho oluhlaza emhlabeni wonke, izinkampani eziningi zigxile ekuzibophezeleni komphakathi kanye nentuthuko esimeme, zikhetha izinto ezithinta imvelo ekukhiqizeni. Ngakho-ke imboni ye-inki esekelwe emanzini ibhekene namathuba entuthuko angakaze abonwe, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni efana nokupakishwa kokudla, amathoyizi ezingane, kanye nokupakishwa kwemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali yansuku zonke, lapho isidingo sezimakethe sizoqhubeka nokwanda. Kafushane, usayizi wemakethe wemboni ye-inki esekelwe emanzini kulindeleke ukuthi uqhubeke nokukhula, uqhutshwa inqubomgomo kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, ukuzuza ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo sezimboni kanye nokuthuthukiswa, futhi uthuthukele kancane kancane ekuvikelweni kwemvelo okuluhlaza. Ukuhlanganiswa okujulile kwezimakethe zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nokwanda kwesidingo sabathengi semikhiqizo ephrintiwe eluhlaza, kuzophinde kulethe indawo yemakethe ebanzi kanye namandla okuthuthukisa imboni kayinki esekelwe emanzini.